Referencing Styles

A guide to the reference styles used at the University of St Andrews

Referencing a chapter:

Book chapter references include:

  • Author(s) of chapter.
  • Title of chapter.
  • In:
  • Author / Editor(s) of book.
  • Title of book.
  • Place of Publication: Publisher;
  • Year.
  • Chapter pagination.

Ebook chapter references include:

  • Author(s) of chapter.
  • Title of chapter.
  • In:
  • Author / Editor(s) of book.
  • Title of book.
  • Place of Publication: Publisher;
  • Year.
  • Chapter pagination.
  • Available from: URL.

 

For ebooks add [Internet] after the title and  "Available from: URL" to the end.

The Basic Reference format is:

Chapter Author Surname A. Chapter title. In: Editor Surname B, editor. Title of book. Place: Publisher; Year.  x-xv p.

In-text reference

Use either a bracketed number or superscripted number which refers to an entry in the Reference List.  If you refer to the same source again, use the same bracketed or superscripted number.

Reference list entry:

Treat chapters in edited books as "Contributions".  The entry in the Reference List should give the author and title of the chapter, then the details of the book, and the pagination statement should related to the chapter page range.

5. Kelsey S. Aristotle on interpreting nature. In: Leunissen M, editor. Aristotle's physics: a critical guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2015. 31-45 p.

​In-text reference

Use either a bracketed number or superscripted number which refers to an entry in the Reference List.  If you refer to the same source again, use the same bracketed or superscripted number.

Reference list entry:

Treat chapters in edited books as "Contributions".  The entry in the Reference List should give the author and title of the chapter, then the details of the book, and the pagination statement should related to the chapter page range.

6. Watermann T, Scherrer A, Sebastiani D. Linear response methods in quantum chemistry. In: Bach V, Delle Site L, editors. Many-electron approaches in physics, chemistry and mathematics: a multidisciplinary approach [Internet]. New York: Springer; 2014. 97-110 p. Available from  http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-06379-9_5

  • In-text citations are bracketed or superscripted numbers which refer to the item you are citing in a numerically arranged reference list.  When you refer to the same source again within your text you use the same number.
  • Ensure you include all the punctuation required in your reference.
  • For chapter references, treat these as "Contributions to a book", provide the details of the chapter before the details about the book
  • For multiple authors give details of all the authors following the advice in the Author Rules tab, giving the Surname and up to two initials.  Each author is separated with a comma.
  • Full title of the chapter is given, including any subtitles.
  • The book details follow the chapter details, preceeded with "In:"
  • Give details of all the editors following the advice in the Author Rules tab, giving the Surname and up to two initials.  Each editor is separated with a comma, followed by the word editor/editors.
  • Location is always followed with a ":"
  • The publisher is followed with a ";"
  • The year follows the publisher, and is followed by a full stop "."
  • The number of pages for the chapter is give as "i - xxi p."
  • Where you are referencing an ebook, include "[Internet]" after the title
  • Where you are referencing an ebook include "Accessed from : URL" at the end of the reference.
  • URLs should not be hyperlinked.