Referencing Styles
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- Referencing something mentioned in another source (Secondary Referencing)
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About APA - 7th edtion
APA - American Psychological Association referencing style is a system of in-text citations and a reference list.
In-text citations:
- (Author Surname, Year of Publications) when referring to a whole work OR
- (Author Surname, Year of Publication, page number) when quoting of referring to a specific page or page range.
Where the Author's name is mentioned within your text, there's no need to include this within the in-text citation.
Examples:
Developmental psychology can be defined as the study of psychological changes in humans over their lifetime (Boslaugh, 2011, p.1).
OR
Boslaugh (2011) defines developmental psychology as "the study of psychological changes that occur in human beings over the course of their lives" (p.1).
Reference list:
- Comes at the end of your document (on a new page);
- Lists all the sources you have cited;
- Is alphabetically arranged by surname of the first author/editor;
- Contains full details of the sources you have cited - these vary depending on the type of publication, see the dropdown menu in the APA 7th edition tab to view examples.
- Is double-line spaced.
- Uses hanging indents of 0.5 inch, where a reference is more than one line long.
The definitive source for APA referencing style is the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7th edition.
- Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by American Psychological AssociationISBN: 9781433832161Publication Date: 2019chapter 8 covers citation rules, chapter 9 covers references lists, and chapter 10 gives a wide variety of examples of how to cite and reference a range of types of sources.
- APA Style - Tutorials and WebinarsA range of free online tutorial from the American Psychological Association which covers the basics of using the APA style
- APA Style BlogA searchable blog managed by APA experts.
- Last Updated: Dec 20, 2024 4:26 PM
- URL: https://libguides.st-andrews.ac.uk/Referencing_styles
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